What is the mechanism of polymerization?
The mechanism of polymerization involves addition of a proton acid to aziridine to produce the corresponding aziridinium ion (6; equation 1). If an alkylating agent is used as initiator, the alkylated monomer will transfer a proton to a monomer thus producing the same initiating species (equation 2).
How is a polyacrylamide gel made from acrylamide?
Polyacrylamide is produced as a result of the polymerization reaction between acrylamide and N,N’-methylene-bis-acrylamide (BIS) using a catalyst. The degree of polymerization or cross-linking can be controlled by adjusting the concentration of acrylamide and BIS. The more the cross-linking the harder the gel.
What are different types of polymerization mechanism?
There are two basic types of polymerization, chain-reaction (or addition) and step-reaction (or condensation) polymerization.
What is the principle of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis?
PAGE (Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis), is an analytical method used to separate components of a protein mixture based on their size. The technique is based upon the principle that a charged molecule will migrate in an electric field towards an electrode with opposite sign.
Why is TEMED used?
Thermo Scientific Tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) is an essential catalyst for polyacrylamide gel polymerization. TEMED is used with ammonium persulfate (APS) to catalyze acrylamide polymerization when preparing gels for electrophoresis.
What is the role of ammonium persulfate in preparing the polyacrylamide gels?
Ammonium persulfate (APS) is an oxidizing agent that is often used with tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED, Part No. 17919) to catalyze the polymerization of acrylamide and bisacrylamide to prepare polyacrylamide gels for electrophoresis.
What is the function of acrylamide in electrophoresis?
The acrylamide is your main matrix for the gel, the polymerization reaction creates a gel because of the added bisacrylamide, which can form cross-links between two acrylamide molecules. In addition this compound has some interesting properties for electrophoresis: Thermo-stable. Transparent.
Which is an initiator for the acrylamide polymerization?
Chemical polymerization is initiated by ammonium persulfate, while photochemical polymerization is initiated by riboflavin (or riboflavin-5′-phosphate), or by a combination of riboflavin and ammonium persulfate.
What is the purpose of acrylamide in gel electrophoresis?
Using a higher acrylamide concentration produces a gel with a smaller mesh size suitable for the separation of small proteins. In general, an acrylamide concentration between 6 and 15% is used. Gels with an acrylamide concentration gradient (gradient gels) are also used.
What are the purpose of APS and TEMED during polymerization?
Ammonium Persulfate (APS) and TEMED catalyze the polymerization of acrylamide solutions into gel matrices. These gels are then used to separate a variety of macromolecules by size in the presence of an electric field.
What is the function of bisacrylamide in a linear chain?
The acrylamide molecules will link together into linear chains & the bis molecules will act as “crosslinkers” creating “branches” that link the linear chains together.⠀ Every once in a while, instead of finding another acrylamide molecule to join with, it finds a bisacrylamide molecule.
How do you dissolve acrylamide in beakers?
In beaker 3, dissolve 8-10 gm of acrylamide. NOTE: The dissolution process is endothermic. You will notice the beakers getting cold as the acrylamide is dissolved. Add 0.08 g of Mohr’s salt (or 0.06 g of FeSO4.7H20) to the beaker and dissolve it by stirring.
What is the role of the oxidant APS in radical polymerization?
In a radical polymerization ride, the oxidant APS helps put the poly in polyacrylamide! When we run an SDS-PAGE gel to separate proteins by size, we use a reducing agent to break up (reversible) cross-links within the protein.
How do you polymerize an atom?
We do the polymerizing by starting a radical chain reaction. The electrons of atoms generally like to hang out in pairs – these pairs can be shared by 2 atoms (in which case we call it a covalent bond) or held by 1 atom (in which case we call it a lone pair)⠀