What is hydatid fluid?
Hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) is an important component of the internal environment and fills the entire cyst. HCF is a clear or clear yellow liquid with antigenic properties. HCF provides needed nutrition forlarval growth, playing an important role in their lifecycle of Echinococcus.
What is hydatid disease of liver?
Hydatid disease (HD) is a unique parasitic disease that primarily affects the liver and is endemic in many parts of the world. There are four types of hydatid cysts (HCs) with various levels of organ involvement. All four HC types can be seen in the liver, with the right lobe being the most common site of involvement.
Can hydatid cyst be aspirated?
Although percutaneous needle puncture or aspiration of hepatic hydatid cysts has supposedly been contraindicated because of the potential complications of anaphylactic shock or spread of hydatid daughter cysts to the peritoneum [4, 5, 6, 7], aspiration of such cysts without these complications has been reported [8, 9].
How do hydatid cysts affect the body?
Hydatid cysts are most commonly found in the liver and lungs, although they may also occur in other organs, bones and muscles. The cysts can increase in size to 5 – 10 cm or more and may survive for decades. Non-specific signs include loss of appetite, weight loss and weakness.
What is the pH of the hydatid cyst fluid?
Hydatid cyst fluid is clear with a specific gravity of 1.007–1.015 g/cm3, containing albumin and other proteins, 0.5% salt, phosphate and calcium sulfate salts, sugar, fat and other substances. This liquid has a pH of 7.2–7.4.
What causes hydatid disease?
Cystic echinocccosis (CE), also known as hydatid disease, is caused by infection with the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus, a ~2–7 millimeter long tapeworm found in dogs (definitive host) and sheep, cattle, goats, and pigs (intermediate hosts).
How is hydatid cyst treated?
Percutaneous drainage with albendazole therapy is a safe and effective alternative treatment for hydatid cysts of the liver. Radical surgery with pre- and post-operative administration of albendazole is the best treatment option for liver hydatid cysts due to low recurrence and complication rates.
What is pair procedure?
The puncture, aspiration, injection, and reaspiration (PAIR) technique, which involves puncture of the cyst wall, aspiration of cyst contents, instillation, and reaspiration of the scolicidal agent, has gained international recognition.
Which organ is involved in hydatid disease?
Hydatid disease (HD) is an ancient disease and even was known to Hippocrates. This disease involves all human parts and most common affected organs are liver and lungs.
What is a hydatid sand?
A term of hydatid sand refers to the contents of the hydatid cyst, which includes the daughter cysts, brood capsules, and protoscolices that present in the hydatid fluid of the E. granulosus [30].
What is cysticercosis How is it treated?
Cysticercosis located outside of the nervous system usually does not require specific treatment. The treatment for cysticercosis located within the nervous system (neurocysticercosis) consists of antiparasitic therapy, corticosteroids, antiepileptic drugs, and/or surgery.
What are the symptoms of hydatid disease?
Abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting are commonly seen when hydatids occur in the liver. If the lung is affected, clinical signs include chronic cough, chest pain and shortness of breath. Other signs depend on the location of the hydatid cysts and the pressure exerted on the surrounding tissues.
What is the treatment of hydatid disease?
What is the treatment of hydatid cyst on liver?
What causes hydatid cyst in liver?
What is pair procedure for hydatid cyst?
The PAIR technique is performed using either ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) guidance, involves aspiration of the cyst contents via a special cannula, followed by injection of a scolicidal agent for at least 15 minutes, and then reaspiration of the cystic contents. This is repeated until the return is clear.
What is pair for hydatid cyst?
Percutaneous treatment of the hydatid cyst emerged as an alternative to surgery with low morbidity and mortality rates. The PAIR technique involves puncture of the cyst wall, aspiration of cyst contents, instillation and reaspiration of the scolicidal agent.
What is the treatment for hydatid cysts of the liver?
Appropriate surgical treatment of hydatid cysts of the liver depends on communication of the cyst and the bile duct. If the cyst is localized peripherally, total cystectomy or hepatic resection is recommended because of the low rate of recurrence.
What is the recurrence rate of liver hydatid cysts?
In our center, the recurrence rate was 9% with a mean follow-up of 11.9±10.8 months. Cyst size, stage, localization, and relation to the bile ducts are important in the treatment of liver hydatid cysts. The aim of surgical intervention is evacuation and obliteration of the cystic cavity.
What is the most common site of occurrence of hydatid cysts?
The most common site of occurrence of hydatid cysts in humans is the liver (50%–93%).1,2Liver hydatid cysts (LHCs), left untreated grow and follow one of several courses: develop fistulae with adjacent organs or the biliary system, rupture into the peritoneal cavity seeding daughter cysts, and develop daughter cysts within or rarely die.3
What is the best treatment for hydatid disease?
Early diagnosis is important, as if the diagnosis is late, cysts are complicated and the treatment is difficult and long-lasting 3. The most effective treatment of noncomplicated hydatid disease is evacuation of the cyst fluid and decreasing the dead space of the cystic cavity.